Discussion #5 Example

Conversation #5 Example Conversation #5 †Essay Example Theme: Home Schooling Pros and Cons Homeschooling has the advantage of elevating home improvement because of the help that a youngster will get from all relatives. Slide ten recommends that the relatives will use the schedules, reality in the home for advancing youngster improvement at home. Be that as it may, it would be wild in situations where both the guardians are working and in different situations, for example, single child rearing. This realizes an enormous outstanding task at hand to the guardians who will be compelled to save time for self-teaching (Windley, 2006). For the kid to get quality instruction, guardians should make self-teaching a full-time responsibility to generous interest as far as exertion and time. As far as costs, it will likewise be costly for the guardians to buy a cutting-edge educational program other than to the expense of materials, books, and other stationery. Unschooling is another wonder that requires self-drive and a great deal of control in maki ng and holding fast to an exacting report plan. This way of thinking is as of now picking up ubiquity because of less weight related with the learning component where a youngster will pick fitting learning timetable and exercises to finish at any second. Numerous schools should begin considering fusing unschooling with their customary program to support youngsters investigate their abilities while simultaneously enjoy different learning works out. This arrangement wold make learning progressively appealing as far as invigorating the psyche and breaking the dreariness of continually enjoying books as the main learning schedule. This learning mode would not be favorable for the youngsters who need steady inspiration to exceed expectations in their investigations just as the individuals who need consistent rivalry to exceed expectations in class work. The opportunity related with unschooling ought to be consistently evaluated to find out its viability in the learning procedure and effe ct on kid improvement. ReferencesWindley, C. (2006). Self-teaching. New York: Atlantic Monthly Books.

Definition and Examples of Exonyms and Endonyms

Definition and Examples of Exonyms and Endonyms An exonym is a spot nameâ that isnt utilized by the individuals who live in that place however that is utilized by others. Additionally spelledâ xenonym. Paul Woodman has characterized exonym as a toponym presented all things considered, and in a language all things considered (in Exonyms and the International Standardization of Geographical Names, 2007). For model, Warsaw is the English exonym forâ the capital of Poland, which the Polish individuals call Warszawa. Vienna is the English exonym for the German and Austrian Wien. In contrast,â aâ locally utilized toponym-that is, aâ name utilized by a gathering of individuals to allude to themselves orâ their locale (instead of a name given to them by others)- is called an endonym (or autonym). For example, Kà ¶ln is a German endonym while Cologne is the English exonym for Kà ¶ln. Analysis Europes second-longest waterway is the Danubethe English exonym for Donau (in German), Dunaj (in Slovak), and Duna (in Hungarian).Berber derives from a definitive exonymâ (i.e. a name given by pariahs): the Greek word barbaroi, which emulated the strangeness of a language byâ rendering it as something much the same as yakkity yak. From it, we get savage, just as Barbary (as in Barbary Coast, Barbary Pirates, and Barbary chimps). In current utilization, numerous exonyms can be viewed as obtuse (Gypsy, Lapp, Hottentot) and inclination is given to the endonym (Roma, Saami, Khoi-San).(Frank Jacobs, All Hail Azawad. The New York Times, April 10, 2012) [T]he English language exonym Mecca has been demonstrated to be unsuitable to numerous Arab specialists, who are awkward with any change to the toponym of the sacred spot Makkah.(Paul Woodman, Exonyms: A Structural Classification and a Fresh Approach, in Exonyms and the International Standardization of Geographical Names, ed. by Ad ami Jordan, et al. LIT Verlag, 2007) Purposes behind the Existence of Exonyms - There are three fundamental purposes behind the presence of exonyms. The first is recorded. As a rule, adventurers, unconscious of existing spot names, or colonizers and military victors incognizant of them, gave names in their own dialects to land highlights having local names...The second purpose behind exonyms originates from issues of pronunciation...There is a third explanation. In the event that a land include stretches out over more than one nation it might have an alternate name in each. (Naftali Kadmon, Toponymy-Theory, and Practice of Geographical Names, in Basic Cartography for Students and Technicians, ed. by R. W. Anson, et al. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996)-  English utilizes generally not many exonyms for European urban areas, particularly ones it has concocted all alone ( not obtained); this might be clarified by geographic disconnection. This could likewise clarify the low number of exonyms that different dialects use for English urban communities. (Jarno Raukko, A Linguistic Classification of Eponyms, in Exonyms, ed. by Adami Jordan, et al. 2007) Toponyms, Endonyms, and Exonyms - For aâ toponymâ to be characterized as anâ exonym, there must exist a base level of distinction among it and the correspondingâ endonym... The exclusion of diacritical stamps for the most part doesn't transform an endonym into an exonym: Sao Paulo (for So Paulo); Malaga (for Mlaga) or Amman (for Ê ¿AmmÄ n) are not considered exonyms. (Joined Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, Manual for the National Standardization of Geographical Names. Joined Nations Publications, 2006)- If a significant topographic component is found or contained altogether inside a solitary nation, most great world chart books and maps print theâ endonymâ as the essential name, with the interpretation or change into the language of the map book either in sections or in littler kind. On the off chance that an element rises above political limits, and particularly in the event that it conveys various names in the various nations, or on the off chance that it lies outside the regional waters of any one nation exonymisation or interpretation into the objective language of the chart book or guide is quite often depended on. (Naftali Kadmon, Toponymy-Theory, and Practice of Geographical Names, in Basic Cartography for Students and Technicians, altered by R. W. Anson, et al. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996) Further Reading Name Thatâ -nymNationality WordOnomasticsProper Name

Does Your Spouse Have Bad Credit Heres How it Can Affect You.

Does Your Spouse Have Bad Credit Here’s How it Can Affect You. Does Your Spouse Have Bad Credit? Here’s How it Can Affect You. Does Your Spouse Have Bad Credit? Here’s How it Can Affect You.Joint loan applications might be a problem, and joint accounts could be dangerous.In any good marriage, two people come together and form a single unit, one that is stronger and more capable than either person ever could have been while singlelike a two-person Voltron, only with fewer robot lions and more matching towel sets.But when it comes to credit scores, getting married is a little more complicated. Your hearts may become one, but your credit scores will not. There is no such thing as a “married credit score.”And if one of you has a significantly worse score than the other? Well, that’s where some of those promises in your wedding vows will really come into play.First, some credit score basics“Most credit today is awarded based on a credit score or “FICO” (which by the way is just a company name “Fair Isaac Company”) and that number is very powerful in determining your financial future,” says Ju stin Lavelle, Chief Communications Officer at BeenVerified (@BeenVerified).“Your credit score will determine if you get a loan, and more importantly how much you will pay for that loan.”FICO scores range from 300 to 850. The higher the score, the better your credit. Generally, a score above 720 means you have great credit, and a score under 630 means you have bad credit.Credit scores are based off information in your credit report, and lenders will often check both (score and report) when evaluating your application for a loan or credit card.According to Katie Ross, Education and Development Manager for American Consumer Credit Counseling (@talkcentsblog), “Your credit score represents your financial reputation in a numeric representation. Therefore, combining finances once you are married can be impacted with a poor credit score of one person in the relationship.”“Credit scores play a critical role in instances such as applying for larger loans such as for a car or for a mortgage,” says Ross. “Therefore, a higher credit score means you will borrow at potentially low-interest rates, resulting in larger savings in the future.”One Couple, Two Credit Scores.Throughout a marriage, folks are going to be faced with any number of large financial decisions, most of which will require getting a loan. And applying for a loan will mean facing the hard truth that one bad credit score between you can drastically hurt your chances of approval.According to Ross, “Although marriage combines finances between partners, it does not mean your credit scores are merged. Your credit scores can play a major role in finances if and when you apply for loans as a married couple. In a joint application, creditors assess the eligibility terms based on the credit score of both parties.”Lenders are notoriously risk averse, which means that they will generally use the lower of the two scores to determine your creditworthiness.There’s always the option of leaving your sp ouse off the application, but Lavelle points out that there are some significant downsides to that as well:“If one person has terrible credit, they more than likely will need to be left off the credit application, which can mean their income is not considered as well. This can be a real burden if the purchase in consideration is a large one, such as a home or car.”“If one spouse has a great credit score and the other has a low score, the marriage most likely will be penalized because credit will be awarded based on the lower score,” says Lavelle.“If you are looking to buy a house, this penalty can be to the tune of thousands of dollars you end up paying in higher interest costs over the life of the loanand that is if you are even given the loan.”Joint account pain.It’s common for married couples to open up joint checking accounts and credit cards. And in many situations, this is a totally safe practice.But Lavelle warns that opening joint accounts when one spouse has b ad credit could end up dragging down both your scores:“Be wary of having joint accounts if your spouse is bad with money or has poor credit. Once you sign on the “dotted line” and open a joint account, you are responsible for that account and subject to the derogatory remarks on your credit if your spouse fails to keep the account current and pay on time.“Once you are married, if you do not maintain individual credit, your credit rating could suffer and you may not be able to obtain credit in your individual name. This happens because your credit report will show long gaps of time that you had no credit or accounts in your name.“If the time comes that you need to open an account, it may be difficult or impossible to do because, in essence, you have adopted your spouse’s credit, good or bad. It will be like starting over for you.”Lavelle also warns that a spouse’s bad credit may affect your assetsmeaning your house, car, and other valuable belongings:“This usually d oesn’t come into play unless there is a real mess and people are suing to collect their money. However, it is important to understand that if you are married to someone that cannot control spending and doesn’t think making payments is important, you may be at risk.“In this situation, if you do not open a joint account with this person then you will not be individually responsible for his or her debts and your individual credit will not be disturbed by their bad actions, but the problem doesn’t end there.“In a marriage, if you have joint bank accounts and own property jointly, those assets may be available to creditors of the spouse with a poor history. This is usually only the case after suit and judgment, but with a judgment, a creditor can levy against joint accounts and joint assets.“It may be best if your spouse is irresponsible with money to just keep everything separate.”Will your bad credit affect your spouse?  So far we’ve given you a lot of words about how m arrying someone with bad credit can go horribly wrong. (You’re welcome.) But it would be silly to let your love for someone be determined by their credit scoreInstead, you and your spouse will just need to take some much needed financial action. And the first step you’ll need to take isfunnily enoughthe exact same step you need to take when fixing any issue in a marriage: communicate.“In order to overcome these credit score issues,” says Ross, “it is important to communicate these among each other. Carefully go through each other’s credit reports to identify any errors and take immediate action to correct them.”From there, you’ll want to start practicing good money habits. According to Ross, “In addition to identifying errors, the next step you can take as partners is to remind each other to make timely payments. Setting up automatic bill pay, and reminders can help avoid further reductions in your credit score.”Ross says that “Depending on your financial goals as a married couple, it is important that you take corrective action along the way.“Coming up with a plan to pay off outstanding credit card debt, avoiding opening any new credit lines or closing too many old accounts or even merely over-utilizing credit can be pitfalls.“Working together to avoid such pitfalls and practicing good credit habits can help married couples recover their credit scores and reach their financial goals.”All marriages are going to encounter a rough patch or two (and that’s if you’re lucky). Having a spouse with a bad credit score could certainly be one of them. But smart money management and frank communication can help make it a minor one.Follow these tips and you can save those big fights for stuff that really matterslike matching towel sets.Do you or your spouse have bad credit? We want to hear about how you two have managed it! You can shoot us an email by clicking here or find us on Twitter at @OppLoans.Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | T witter | LinkedINContributorsJustin Lavelle  (@BeenVerified) is a Scams Prevention Expert and the Chief Communications Officer of BeenVerified,  a leading source of online background checks and contact information. BeenVerified allows individuals to find more information about people, phone numbers, email addresses and property records.Katie Ross  (@talkcentsblog) joined the American Consumer Credit Counseling (ACCC) management team in 02 and is currently responsible for organizing and implementing high-performance development initiatives designed to increase consumer financial awareness. Ms. Ross’s main focus is to conceptualize the creative strategic programming for ACCC’s client base and national base to ensure a maximum level of educational programs that support and cultivate ACCC’s organization.

What Does It Mean to Be Well Educated Essay - 1027 Words

Gregorio Roblesvelez Prof. Hartless English101 04 April 2013 What Does It Mean to Be Well Educated? What does it mean to be well educated? To be well educated it is a balance between academics and practical knowledge. Throughout this paper I will show that one does not necessarily need a college degree to be deemed as well educated. I will explore both aspects of academics and practical knowledge and how it affects individuals. Practical knowledge is the knowledge that we acquire as small children and from our parents and from friends. This is also known as â€Å"street smarts†. This is the knowledge that tells us to look both ways before crossing the street and that something is hot or cold. This knowledge can go much deeper than†¦show more content†¦What about the Amish people? This subculture of people quit school in the 8th grade, but they possess the skills to run successful businesses, raise livestock, run farms, and build some of the most elaborate and well made furniture. They live a simple life with no Google to search things just practical knowledge to get them by. What about those individuals that are academically gifted but are unable to care for themselves, are they well educated? To be educated shouldn’t one be both academic and practical. I am not saying that one must possess a college degree because I know for some that this is not possible, and for some this opportunity may not come until later in life. One should possess basic knowledge that we obtain from school. We need to know about the past so that that following generations do not repeat it. We also need to know math and reading so that we can communicate as a society. Science, also important so that we understand how things function as a whole and why. As for practical knowledge, people need to know how to take care of themselves the basic survival needs. It goes back to the survival of the fittest. There are too many young adults being sent into the world unable to fend for themselves. They can’t cook, clean up after themselves or even do their own laundry. My daughters are being taught different than most I want them to have both the academics and the practical knowledge needed to survive in this world and to be considered wellShow MoreRelatedWhat Does It Mean to Be Well Educated1525 Words   |  7 PagesGetting an A Doesnt Mean I am Well Educated Abstract Whether or not a person is well educated is not an easy question to answer. There are several things to consider when answering this question. Some people look to their grades, level of completion, or what school they attended. Others look at their ability to interact with others in society and consider issues such as philosophy, politics or religion. While these are all common criteria for measuring ones education, a person ought not toRead MoreWhat Does It Mean to Be Well Educated878 Words   |  4 Pageson social, political and economic factors that often go beyond the local context. In the light of above it become more complex to define the contextual meaning of â€Å"Well educated† The product coming out from our schools, colleges and universities are placed correctly under the category of â€Å"well informed† rather than â€Å"well educated.† Alfie Kohn is one of my favourite writers. He is leading , insightful and sometimes controversial force in working to improve our education system. He has writtenRead MoreWhat Does It Mean You Be Well Educated?1002 Words   |  5 Pages What Does It Mean to Be Well-Educated? Lucy A. Grullon Liberty University. APA style Introduction Learning doctrines play a vital role in today’s competitive business industry especially in the rouse of new ways to form and conduct companies. Education is more than to learn or memorize files, even though commonly confused as such. Education you simply have it or not. 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Yet because she cannot teachRead MoreWhat Does It Mean You Be Well Educated By Alfie Kohn Essay2188 Words   |  9 Pages In his essay â€Å"What Does It Mean To Be Well-Educated,† Alfie Kohn challenges the current standards that people consider crucial in order for a person to be considered well-educated and explores some interesting questions that help provide the reader with a completely different understanding, perspective, and possibility for standards of good education. At the beginning, Kohn explains how people can argue about the purpose of education, but then fail to realize and recognize whether or not educationRead MoreAn Analysis Of Alfie Kohn s What Does It Mean You Be Well Educated Essay2253 Words   |  10 Pages Journal 4 passive In his essay â€Å"What Does It Mean To Be Well-Educated,† Alfie Kohn challenges the current standards that people consider crucial in order for a person to be considered well-educated and explores some interesting questions that help provide the reader with a completely different understanding of education. At the beginning, Kohn explains how people can argue about the purpose of education, but then fail to realize and recognizeRead MoreTo Be or Not to Be Well Educated1114 Words   |  5 PagesENG 101-D23 LUO Professor Desiree B. Sholes 11/12/2012 To be or not to be well-educated: A Narrative Response to Alfie Kohn’s â€Å"What does it mean to be well-educated?† To be or not to be well-educated: A Narrative Response to Alfie Kohn’s â€Å"What does it mean to be well-educated?† Alfie Kohn’s essay â€Å"What does it mean to be well-educated?† begins on a personal note using his wife as an example to substantiate his hypothesis. Encountering Alisa at the very beginningRead MoreIs It A Standardized Test?1191 Words   |  5 Pagesto decide what it means to be well educated? Does the phrase well educated refer to the quality of schooling you received or to something about you? Who gets to decide what it means? Is it a standardized test? Is it our test scores or memorization of facts? How much or how well we can remember at a given point in time? How much knowledge we ought to have? What could it possibly be? I think this society has given â€Å"Well Educated a poor definition. Sitting in a class for a long time does not make usRead MoreThesis : I Had A Hard Time Picking915 Words   |  4 Pagesdecided on â€Å"What Does It Means To Be Well-Educated† by Alfie Kohn. I do think that I’m well educated even though I didn’t learn anything from the school district that I was enrolled in I always said to myself that I wouldn’t want my children to have to go through the things I had to go through. How I became aware of things or learn things was because I do a lot of research and ask questions so I can find out more about what I need and wanted to know. What I think about the term â€Å"what does it mean to beRead MoreSkills Of A Well Educated Person880 Words   |  4 Pages Skills of a Well-Educated Person Even though a well-educated person is thought of as one who has extensive college education and attend the finest schools, a well-educated person can also be one who is educated with hands-on experience without a college degree. When referring to a person as well-educated it usually has to do more with formal education than informal education. When someone is describing a person as well-educated, consideration for both formal and informal types of education should

Poes The Cask Of Amontillado Themes Essay - 662 Words

Poes The Cask of Amontillado: Themes UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANà  Curitiba, 8 de outubro de 1996 Curso: Letras - Inglà ªs / Noturno Disciplina: Literatura Norte Americana I Aluno: Anderson Josà © Nogueira nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TASK: To write a summary theme of Poes quot;The Cask Of Amontilladoquot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the main themes of Edgar Allan Poes The Cask Of Amontillado is revenge. In this summary theme I intend to demonstrate how dramatic irony is used all along the short story as a way of reminding us the true intentions of the character who vowed revenge. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Firstly I will make a†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Certain evening, quot; during the supreme madness of carnival season...quot;, Montressor meets his quot;friendquot; Fortunato and Montressor is very kind, even affectionate towards him. He greets Fortunato... quot;My dear Fortunato, you are luckly met...quot; . The reader that knows Montressors real intentions notices here that this greeting has another meaning, different from what it would mean if we did not know about Montressors plan. Once we are aware of Montressors intentions, we perceive that the real meaning of the sentence could be something like MY ODIOUS ENEMY FORTUNATO, IT IS BAD LUCK FOR YOU HAVING MET ME, for instance. Here, the irony dresses itself with a bitter taste of sadist disguised angry. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;However, there are passages in which is impossible to assure that Montressor w as using irony in his speech. For example, in the passage that Fortunato says- quot;Enough (...), the cough is a mere nothing; it will not kill me. IShow MoreRelated The Yellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado763 Words   |  4 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      The short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, written by Charlotte Gilman, and The Cask of Amontillado written by Edgar Allan Poe, are stories in which the plots are very different, but share similar qualities with the elements in the story. The Cask of Amontillado is a powerful tale of revenge, in which the narrator of the tale pledges revenge upon Fortunato for an insult. The Yellow Wallpaper is a story about a womanRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe uses several different artistic choices in the construction of the story. He manipulates the story to be the way he wants it to be by using the point of view of the narrator, the setting, and a common monotonous sentiment throughout. Poe is successful in maintaining a spirit of perverseness that is prevalent in most of his works. The point of view plays a very important role in influencing the readers perceptionRead MoreThe Autobiographical Elements in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe1663 Words   |  7 Pagesloved one. He also wrote, The Raven, in which the narrator went insane talking to a bird about losing his lost Lenore and realizing he was all alone. A third poem in which Poe revealed to the reader his feelings of loneliness was, The Cask of Amontillado. In this story, the main character Fortunato, was left to die in a tomb after being tricked by his loves father. Lastly, the poem, Silence, strongly suggested that he felt alone in the world, and was longing for companionship. SufferingRead More Poe’s Life†¦ At the Tip of a Pen Essay2201 Words   |  9 Pagestruths, which have yet to be uncovered. The people and experiences throughout Edgar Allan Poe’s lifetime have influenced various themes including: insanity, revenge, death, and guilt which can be distinguished through a collection of his works. Poe endured more than any individual should endure, and experienced so much negativity it was almost inevitable that the theme of insanity would appear in his works. He suffered from an excessive amount of hardships and tragedies throughout his life thatRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Writing Style1942 Words   |  8 Pagesfor him, his parents being two big influences. From his dad, he got alcoholism and his need for revenge. A lot of the works from Poe’s later years before he died featured alcohol. This is when he started heavily drinking and it remained a constant theme in his later years. Many of Poe’s stories talk about people get the revenge they deserved. His father was the same way and believed everyone should have to pay for whatever they did in their lives. Poe also got his narcissistic personality from his

Social Science Paper Free Essays

Christine Louise S. Lacanaria 2-Xavier TYPE| DEMOCRACY (CAPITLISM)| COMMUNISM| SOCIALISM| DEFINITION| an  economic system  based on the  private ownership  of  capital goods  and the  means of production, with the creation of goods and services for profit  . There are multiple variants of capitalism, including  laissez-faire,  welfare capitalism  and  state capitalism. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Science Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now from  Latin  communis  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ common, universal is a  revolutionary socialist  movement to create a  classless, moneyless  and  stateless  social order  structured  upon  common ownership  of the  means of production, It is where everyone is equal where as if one gets everybody must also have it| refers to an  economic system  characterised by  social ownership  of the  means of production  and co-operative management of the economy. [1]†Social ownership† may refer to  cooperative  enterprises,  common ownership,  state ownership, or citizen ownership of equity| CHARACTERISTICS| Private property-the right to own resources and bequeath property. Freedom of economic choice-work/not work, spend/not spend. Government should let markets be with a hands-off philosophy. | A theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members. A system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single, often authoritarian party holds power, claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people. | are economic systems that emphasize public ownership and heavy government influence in economic affairs. As a political system, socialism emphasizes co-operative work for the common good, a uniformed class system, and reductions of hierarchy in both economics and politics. | GOVERNMENT| The government and the leader is chosen by the people and almost everyone or majority of the people can vote for the leader| The party is chosen by the people, where as the party choses the leader or the president of the country. | Democratic elections don’t exist and in theory all members in power are equal. The ruling party often establishes its rule by force. However, some modern socialist or democratic socialist systems, such as those in Scandinavia, have several parties and democratic elections. | EDUCATION| to decide individually how, when, what, where and with whom they learn to have an equal share in the decision-making as to how their organizations – in particular their schools – are run, and which rules and sanctions, if any, are necessary| quality of education is largely choosen by the capitalist political state, which chooses to educate us in ways that are beneficial to them. Capitalism is portrayed as the best of all possible systems, with socialist ideology barely mentioned and almost always misrepresented as the philosophy of the ill-fated Soviet Union| those under 18 are legally considered â€Å"children†, adolescents under socialism will be taught from an early age to become active participants in the industrial government, to make informed and rational decisions and be treated with far more respect and offered far greater freedom and trust then the teens of today are, who are usually treated as little more then the property of their parents with few decision making opportunities of their own. ECONOMY|   shift decision-making power from  corporate shareholders  to a larger group of public stakeholders  that includes workers, customers, suppliers, neighbors and the broader public. No single definition or approach encompasses economic democracy, but most proponents claim that modern property relations  externalize  costs, subordinate the general well-being to private profit, and deny the polity a democratic voice in economic policy decisions| is also known as the planned economy. In a communist economy, it is fully operated by the government. There are only state owned and controlled businesses. The government answers all the fundamental economic questions. | is heavily planned, self-managed and state-directed. Rather than allowing market forces to determine where the economy should go, public officials decide which industries resources should be allocated toward. Production is both managed and controlled by the state. | EXAMPLES| Georgia, Lebanon, Israel, India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Cambodia, Philippines, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand| Nepal and Cyprus| China, Canada , Cuba, Vietnam| How to cite Social Science Paper, Essay examples

Biology Hungarian Press

Question: Discuss about theBiologyfor Hungarian Press. Answer: Introduction The function is to make lactose and the breaking of sugars into simple proteins such as milk. B/b has been describes as follows: B = the capacity of the genotype to make production of the lactase enzyme and be able to digest the final result of the milk. Small letter b is used to represent the genotype inability to digest the lactose in milk. AA Means that the individual is in a position to biologically make the lactase and hence digest milk into the results of being fine for the purpose of assimilation in the body digestive system. When the person or the character under consideration has got the both genotypes versions he/she in a position to produce the complex sugars in the aspect of D/d and E/e. E/e means that the individual is in a position to make the lactase and also be able to digest the simple substance of protein just in an easy way. The probability of two 1s is 0.25, (b) a 1 and 2 is 0.3. A 1 on the first die and a 2 on the second dice are 0.5. The probability that you will be derived from values that sum up the probability of getting one particular value is 1/6. ... 7, 1+6, 2+5, 3+4, 4+3, 5+2, 6+1, 6/36 = 17% or 0.17, to 2 or values that sum up to 11 is 0.2. Finally the values that sum up to anything except 6 are 0.4 as the probability. The genotypes that could be seen in the offspring of A/A: B/b: D/d: E/e and A/a: b/b: D/d: e/e are lactase enzyme and be able to digest the final result of the milk. Peterson argued genotype x contains the content that is defined as the recipe for the structure of the body (Richard, 2012, p.578). There are four possible genotypes in the sample: B/b has been describes as follows: B = the capacity of the genotype to make production of the. Small letter b is incompatible the genotype that has resistance to digest the lactose in milk. AA biologically make the lactase and hence digest milk into the results of being fine for the purpose of assimilation in the body digestive system. The presence of both genotypes versions shows him/her in a position to produce the complex sugars in the aspect of D/d and E/e. B) There are six phenotypes as given: E/e is the genotype that portrays the individual is in a position to make the lactase and also be able to digest the simple substance of protein just in an easy way. The description of e/e means that people in these criteria of gene modification cannot at any given moment be in a position to conduct a digestion of milk in a proper method because the individuals cannot make the lactase and hence known as the individual who are lactose intolerant. D /d phenotype shows the dominance phenotype that prevails and controls the rhesus factor in the individual. b) The types of complete phenotypes L which is Lactose intolerance is an example of phenotype that is utilized in the digestive system in metabolism hence it assists in the digestion of sugar and lactose into milk. The sample above has got a composition of gene that assists in the making of enzymes and thus lactase produced is used to digest the simple sugars. The phenotype H: height of human being and the color of the eye pupil are led and determined by the phenotype composition. Dwarfs height is represented by phenotype h since Genes are not developed in a large extent in the centralization of height of a person. Mathew said the behavior can also be deemed to be dominance phenotype (Thompson, 2012, p.244). Collies is a phenotype example engaged in breeding in order to produce a productive and super breed of animal in the context of sheep. In case the individual have never seen a sheep before he will be in a position to portray behavior that resembles that of herding. Running around the crib collecting the junk and pillow cases is an example. The chance that the offspring from A/a: B/b: D/D: E/e would be 70 % have the genotype which is thick and it is represented by a higher probability of 70% chance that the offspring will contain the genotype from the following calculations. A/a: B/b: E/e = 3 genotypes inclusive parents and also known biologically as carriers. Total genes = 4 the phenotype is represented by DD and thus the computation is times 100% = 70%. The chance that the offspring from these parents would produce the phenotype is A_ bb D e e is 50% since the gene A and D are carriers and hence the potentially dominance genes in this aspect. Therefore the two genes and the phenotypes are two in number giving sum of four hence 2/4 times 100/% =50%. In the case of Arabiodapsis thaliana, the plant has got content of five chromosomes in total each having a composition of producing two different gametes by the parent. These are autosomes members hence they are fully homogenous and the criteria is known as the homozygous of the locus. Alleles which are different in structure and this affects the gametes production limiting to two in number. There are ten different genotypes which prevail in the case of the F1 , the genotypes are replicated by the gamete production which makes the double of the number of available genes. Suppose that F1 plant from the above part is self-pollinated the genotypes that are possible to be in the F2 are four. The gamete genotypes carried by the mode of self- crossed pollination and their host adds up to two. The plant F2 already has got two different genotypes in the structure hence the total genotypes are 4. In the case of two brown mice, 9 brown pups and 3 white pups in the progeny I would use the linear extrapolation cross to determine the type of genotype found in the structure of brown offspring. The reason behind the selection of this cross that I have adopted is because the organisms in this context cannot portray a state of haploid nature of the mice. The possible phenotypic ratios that are found in the cross above are 3:1 and 2: 1. The relative likelihood of each and every results above is that the ratio of 3;1 obtained from the 9 brown pups and 3 white pups in the progeny is high compared to the 2 brown mice and one white mice. the chances that their first child of John and Martha will have galactosemia is low and the representation is 0.2 % since the genetic disorder is autosomal recessive inheritance. This will not occur because the in the case of Martha the sisters has got already given birth and the three children has no galactosemia: The likelihood is nil or negative. c) In the case of the first child being infected with the genetic disorder the likelihood of their third child being affected is high. Erick said the autosomal recessive disease will multiply by three hence a 70% chance of being infected with the disorder (Willy, 2014, p.637). The phenotype that F1 could have is known as heterozygous phenotype of the pure breeding mouse with short haired round ears mouse. The percentage of the F2 that would be phenotypically resembled by the parents in the original cross is 60% given that the F2 have got a higher score in number in the self -crossing of F1. Chances that the mans first great grandchild will have wooly hair are 80% because of the co dominance or the genes in the people of Scandinavian. Suppose that the man have four great grandchildren in total, the chances that exactly one will be in the danger of wooly hair is 20%. Peterson said a higher likelihood of the children will be having the trait that is autosomal (Gabriel, 2013, p.444). There is inheritance of the dusky and clipped traits are supposedly obtained from the long transparent wings where the phenotypes are the observable traits consisting of features. Thomas said an elaboration of this point is seen in the pea plant where the appearance is either color green or yellow depending on the environment (Luke, 2009, p.123). Adaptation factor to the environment is the reason behind the scenario. Genotypes of the parents W and w for the long transparent wings and the Dd for the dusky wings. a) The allele symbols show the genotypic structure hence the representation of the information from the pedigree provided: AA and bb. This individual is at risk of contracting the diseasefrom the history of the family. The history provided has been utilized as a diagnostic tool and thus helps to guide the decisions arrived of genetic. There are diseases that are common in the family tree and powerful screening tool which is updated on each check by patients. Probability for the next generation to have the weakness in their genes and hence suffer is high. b) The person marked with the question mark hence low chances of 70 % being unaffected by the trait. ( a) The predicted phenotype frequencies of males and females are drone male with extremely short wings almost in capable of flying and the black eyes will be double the number in terms of fertilization because of the co dominance of diploid nature of the eggs. The phenotype frequencies I would expect incase the eggs were 80% females is haplodiploids hence the ants will be more than three which have white eyes. The male whom the woman might have a child affected by OTD is the husbands mother who is a carrier for OTD. In the above pairing where the womans father has ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency the proportion of sons and daughters that I expect to have OTD is 1 daughter and 2 sons. Works Cited Thomas, P. (2012). Elaboration of this point is seen in the pea plant where the appearance is either color green or yellow depending on the environment. Australia: Melbourne press. Peterson, N. (2013). Genotype x contains the content that is defined as the recipe for the structure of the body. Sydeny :Times press. Mathew, L. (2012). The behavior can also be deemed to be dominance phenotype. Melbourne: Hungarian press. Erick, A. (2014). The autosomal recessive disease will multiply by three hence a 70% chance of being infected with the disorder. Current press: New York.

Abortion Essay Essays - Abortion Debate, Abortion, Fertility

Abortion Essay Abortion Essay In the past decades, a serious issue has come into a worldwide viewpoint. This issue, abortion, has become a massive concern and needs to be paid close attention to! Abortion should be outlawed in the U.S. forever. There needs to be a law to stop all abortions. Due to overwhelming evidence, having an abortion should be made illegal in the U.S. because there are three important ways that abortion hurts people worldwide. First, women who choose to have an abortion might suffer psychological damage. After a woman goes through the procedure of the abortion, she might start having nerve disorders, sleep disorders, regrets, or be recommended for psychiatric care. If the woman does suffer from this, she might abuse any other unwanted children that didn't have any other options, but to live with their biological mother. The fear, anxiety, pain, and guilt associated with this procedure are mixed into this perception of grotesque and violent death. Many women who choose to have an abortion argue that it is their choice and that having an abortion doesn't hurt anyone! However, after she has an abortion she could suffer from psychological damage and hurt any others that are around her emotionally and physically. The woman can suffer in many other ways. After she has an abortion she could start abusing alcohol and hurt the people around her with violent behavior, divorce, separation, auto accidents, and job los s. She could also start abusing drugs, which can cause someone to get HIV/AIDS infections, congenital malformations, and assaultive behavior to people at work, on the streets, or in her family. For at least some women could suffer from post-abortion stress is associated with eating disorders such as binge eating, bulimia, and anorexia nervosa. Post-abortion stress is linked with increased cigarette smoking. Women who have abortions are twice as likely to start smoking heavily and suffer the health risks that come with smoking. 60% of the women who have or experience post-abortion sequelae report suicidal ideation, 28% attempt suicide, and ? attempt suicide two or more times. Women who have an abortion can result in depression, replacement pregnancies, and reduced maternal bonding with children that are born before the abortion can result in child abuse or neglect. These are all things that can happen to a woman if she decides to have an abortion. Second, it isn't fair to the fetus inside the mother's womb. The unborn fetus has the right to live. There is an option involving unwanted pregnancies that could save unborn fetus' from being killed. This option would be giving the newborn up for adoption to another person or person's who aren't allowed to have children because of some complication. This doesn't hurt anyone because the woman who doesn't want to keep the baby gives it to another couple or person who wants a child. Having an abortion is killing an innocent person for insignificant reasons. If other people get killed or put into jail for killing other people then why, shouldn't women who choose to abort their pregnancies? It is the same thing. Whether or not the baby is wanted, all people who kill any human being in any way need to be punished. If the mother and or father wasn't allowed or didn't want a child in the first place then as a couple they should have decided to be abstinent until they were ready to take on th e responsibilities of having and taking care of a child. Third, legalized abortion encourages women and teenagers to use abortion instead of abstinence as some form of birth control. We should teach the new generations that abstinence is the best way to not get pregnant. Women in general need to be educated on forms of birth control, so that they can plan their families wisely. This will teach them to stop using abortion as a form of birth control. If we don't, then people will start to think that another easy way to birth control is abortion. If we don't stop or teach these women in general on what is right or what is wrong then who will? How will they get the information that having an abortion isn't a type of birth control?

Hope and Colorado Technical University Essay Example

Hope and Colorado Technical University Essay Example Hope and Colorado Technical University Essay Hope and Colorado Technical University Essay Using the list of reasons you created in step 2 and the questions below as suggestions, write a letter to your future self that includes your plan for success at Colorado Technical University. We will get your letter back to you at the end of your first session. Suggested questions: What do I hope to accomplish by the end of this first session? Make my hopes a reality? How am feeling at this moment? How will I Dear future self, today begins a new chapter in your life. Its been a long time owing and now is the time for you to pick up where you left off and hit the ground running. Success is my plan, because failure is not an option. Success is walking from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm. Winston Churchill. During this first session and all future sessions plan to be successful. Success to me is being the best person can be, being a leader and becoming one wont be easy. But to succeed you have to lead and that I know I can do. I will make sure the all assignments are completed on time ND as accurate as possible. I will be shooting for all Ass this first session and ensure myself that this is all a possibility for me. Through positive thinking, a good personality and a great attitude, I hope to accomplish these goals. I will ask for help when need it and wont be afraid to mess up or get the answer wrong. Albert Einstein said, Life is like a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving. will manage my time to fit my new schedule, adding school to work and my work from home online business.

Article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article review - Essay Example Apparently, however, words are what have constantly maintained the remarkable philosophies of conservatives and liberals alike, not their translation into real action. On restating the position of Prof. Tony Judt, T. Sowell observes that agreement with ‘leaving individuals the maximum space with which to live and flourish as desired’ is in keeping with the common idealistic knowledge about liberalism. Originally, the latter pertains to the principle of signifying the right to freedom and equality and most liberals advocate views that are key concepts to facilitate understanding of liberal democracy, constitutionalism, human rights, and fair elections among the relevant fundamental ideas, Justice O.W. Holmes, nonetheless, occurs to have vividly expressed contradiction according to the prevailing truth that natural perception or instinct cannot deny as it takes place. For him, things must be thought of, not words, as if to imply that liberals ought to cease dwelling in the tradition of intellectual endeavor which rather maintains beliefs within abstract realms yet lacks the capacity to exhibit such complex thinking through an actualized form.

The Complexities of Gendered, Sexualized and Racialised Violence and Essay

The Complexities of Gendered, Sexualized and Racialised Violence and the response of criminal law and criminal justice - Essay Example Similarly, the general establishment is that women contribute to a minor share of all crimes that are less professional in character and, less grave ensuing in their lesser representation in the criminal justice system. The position, therefore, is that gender can be of a larger statistical importance in the differentiation involving criminals and non-criminals as compared to any other trait. Gender and sexuality in criminality and criminal law justice The aspect of gender is an extremely serious issue in children upbringing, with distinction found in the way boys and girls socialize and stereotypical idea concerning gender suitable behaviors for females and males. This is position is revealed in socialization and is to blame for the criminal activities of females and males, relatively than biologically associated sex dissimilarity. While female socialization considered highlighting compliance, the deviant activities of males put up with and even overlooked and exempted. Objectives an d behaviors expectant for males considered to have a lot in agreement with criminal actions, with individual distinctiveness encouraged in the course of socialization into the masculine gender position, like aggression, considered exciting and tough, considerations necessary for participation in crime . Crime is considered as representatively masculine and maleness as providing the reason for crime. The position is that feminine violent behavior frequently judged further severely than masculine aggression since it reveals a superior deviation from the feminine social norms. Violent women, particularly, have to be consequently mentally not well, or imitating men since, it deviates from the feminine norms. The argument puts forward the belief that feminine offenders socialized wrongly into the masculine gender roles4. A number of explanations for this position have been obtained from the principal that feminine criminal activity has increased in tandem with the better liberation of women and an obvious masculinization of female behavior in general. Amplified offending considered foreseeable as hurdles that confined male privileges fell apart and socially defined sexually categorized roles became progressively more alike. Women’s amplified participation in criminal activities considered then as a purpose of them more often taking on conventionally male personality. Socializa tion, Biological and masculine clarifications of feminine offending cling to their center that criminal activities is a male action and that by meaning consequently, feminine offenders ought to be more masculine. Even though, the position may appear more naive, the concept has confirmed pleasantly clear-cut particularly for the media, the notion has shown to be a compelling justification for even current evident increases in feminine criminal involvement. It is imperative to note that the inspiration for offending is possibly diverse for offenders doing different types of offences. An example is that property offenders further probably motivated by financial achievement, brutal offenders likely driven by expressive desires. In consideration to masculinity, an individual might hypothesize that aggression and violence in essence involve a superior level of masculinity, undoubtedly portraying a greater deviation from all right

The Power Of Healing Through Forgiveness Philosophy Essay

The Power Of Healing Through Forgiveness Philosophy Essay Mahatma Gandhi once said, The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. (APA, pg. 1). She slumped against the wall clutching her knees and tried to concentrate on the pain of the old burn that had never healed, (Piercy, pg.54) When we harbor negative emotions toward others or toward ourselves, or when we intentionally create pain for others; we poison our own physical and spiritual systems. By far the strongest poison to the human spirit is the inability to forgive oneself or another person. It disables a persons emotional resources. The challenge is to refine our capacity to love others as well as ourselves and to develop the power of forgiveness. (Myss (mp3) 2004). Donna Fancourt argues that In addition to the radical destabilization of the categories of dream and reality, the novel also represents further examples of altered states of consciousness. (Francourt, pg.103). Although Boyd submits I dont have a clue about consciousness. It seems utterly mysteri ous to me. But it must be physical, as materialism must be true. (Boyd, pg.15). Mahatma Gandhi once said, The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. (APA, pg. 1). In Woman on the Edge of Time, Marge Piercy introduces us to Connie (Consuelo Ramos), a thirty-six year old, who is abused, misdiagnosed, tortured and appears to be a sociopath to her doctors. Connies been in a mental hospital for child abuse and, as a result, her daughter Angelina has been taken from her. When you get hurt by someone you care about a lot, normally brings about thoughts of anger and revenge and one can hold on to that anger for a very long time, and if anger and revenge is held onto then that individual is giving their power away. In Woman on the Edge of Time, Marge Piercy uses a perfect illustration of Connie to portray this, power, or more specifically, the lack thereof. Being powerless, Connie had to make herself believe to be ill, accepting Anglo definitions of success, relationships, and sanity. She slumped against the wall clutching her knees and tried to concentrate on the pain of the old burn that had never healed, (Piercy, pg.54) Connie has to accept this reality and wont be able to bloat out her memory, as she has plenty of regrets and anger. She is not sick nor is she suffering from any mental illness, Connie will have to gather up all her courage and will power to cooperate with the doctors to achieve a better reality elsewhere, and this could be through her subconscious mind. This internal power derived from a created reality is what Connie is attempting to achieve a chance at regaining power. Marge Piercy talks about how the Mattapoisett are at war and learn that the residents have to volunteer to go and fight. Sound wave making weapons are used to knock out the enemy. Although, before firing each sound wave, Luciente prays, Forgive me, if you are living and I kill you. (Piercy, pg. 62) even though Luciente does not know if the enemies are robots or if they are controlled by human beings, he feels obligated to ask for forgiveness. In 3 Levels of Power, Caroline Myss discusses the tribal, the individual, and the symbolic levels of power. Myss explains that the brain has the ability to create a distinct reality, one that you want to choose, 3rd is your mental level, the kind of power to see reality clearly. [] You have to have an incredible sense of internal power to withdraw your power from the tribal limits on your reality. (Myss (pdf) pg. 2). Caroline Myss goes on to explain why forgiveness is so powerful and pissing it away is so negative, as she explains When we harbor negative emotions toward others or toward ourselves, or when we intentionally create pain for others, we poison our own physical and spiritual systems. By far the strongest poison to the human spirit is the inability to forgive oneself or another person. It disables a persons emotional resources. The challenge is to refine our capacity to love others as well as ourselves and to develop the power of forgiveness.(Myss (mp3) 2004). Myss, states that forgiveness is what helps us disconnect from the tribe, maneuvering us into individual power, and getting us into the present time. Myss compares this level to the strength of cologne, Its stronger than eau d toilette, and will last longer (Myss (mp3) 2004). Although Myss is very resolute to say that, The act of forgiveness is the act of returning to present time. And thats why when one has become a forgiving person, and has managed to let go of the past, what theyve really done is theyve shifted their relationship with time.(Myss (mp3) 2004). When someone is content with ones life, the negative energy is hard to affect someone, especially one who is ill, as that person who is sick is primarily focused on dealing with what is ahead of you, instead of complaining and arguing (Myss (mp3) 2004), Myss goes on to explain that if one learns how to love oneself, by appreciating life, the healing process within happens faster and better because of the inner belief that, one can fight this illness and not give away power. Donna Fancourt argues that In addition to the radical destabilization of the categories of dream and reality, also represents further examples of altered states of consciousness (Francourt, pg.103), furthermore she said, that the drugs given to Connie may have facilitated her hallucinations. (Fancourt, pg. 108). Achieving the 3rd level of power is not something everyone can do, unless you have trained yourself to go-to that state through meditation, and now you are an expert in doing so. Myss and Piercy, both show that it is achieved through the aide of illness to tap into that power. The tribe says this illness you have cant be healed quickly but someone with a strong sense of eye, can look at the other side and say, it may be true for you but not for me, you can choose a different path of healing, youre using other thought processes (Myss (mp3) 2004). Very similar to Piercy, as Luciente comments, We can only know what we can truly imagine [because] what we see comes from ourselves (Piercy, pg. 328). If making connections with one another and nature, both mental and physical, then these connections can only be aided by altering states of consciousness. Connie enters Mattapoisett through her ability to reach different states of consciousness; her first alertness of an alternative reality is of hazy memories of dreams with the mysterious Luciente, and she awakens one morning with the sense [] that there was more she had not remembered, a sensation of return, blurred but convincing (Piercy, pg. 33). In Accessing Utopia through Altered States of Consciousness, Fancourt tries to show how Piercy tries to blur the states of consciousness, These cloudy memories and dreams soon overlap into daydreams and increasingly longer states of unconsciousness: by the end of the novel, Connie is spending up to twelve hours at a time in Mattapoisett. (Fancourt, pg. 105). In Accessing Utopia through Altered States of Consciousness, Fancourt discusses, how one may access this power , à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦accessing utopia takes place through a specific process of altering states of consciousness. These altered states range widely from dreaming and meditation to psychic healing, (Fancourt, pg. 95). Although being able to switch from dream to reality in Connies case, was something she could achieve very easily and that is one of the main reasons Luciente chose Connie as the experimental contact. Although Boyd submits I dont have a clue about consciousness. It seems utterly mysterious to me. But it must be physical, as materialism must be true. (Boyd, pg.15). Worthington idea In Forgiveness: A Sampling of Research Results, can be used to understand how Lucientes act of prayer gives him a chance to regain power, Forgiveness is fostered by acknowledgment from harm doers of their actions, empathy with those they have harmed, expressions of regret and apology (APA, pg. 31). The states of consciousness, In Woman on the Edge of Time by Piercy points to the Mattapoisett people who turn to violence are advised to consult a healer. A second offence, however, causes execution since the community arent willing to live with people who choose to use violence (Piercy, pg. 209). The people of Mattapoisett, recognize that the people who turn to violence are giving away their power and should seek forgiveness by visiting a healer to begin their healing process and to remove any illness within . Asking for forgiveness and giving forgiveness, is the greatest ways of showing love, and in doing so will not only heal your relationship with the other person but also bring bliss and inner peace. Power and forgiveness, is the main themes of Myss stories, The act of forgiveness is the act of returning to present time. And thats why when one has become a forgiving person, and has managed to let go of the past, what theyve really done is theyve shifted their relationship with time. (Myss (mp3) 2004) and in the story of Connie (Woman on the Edge of Time) by Piercy, gives an example of how [t]hanksgiving in the Mattapoisett traditional religious conformism is replaced with a new set of rituals intended to promote individuality, with [t]hanksmaking (Piercy, pg. 174) where they would fast for the whole day (twenty four hours) before they go around asking forgiveness from everyone [they] have offended in the year (Piercy, pg. 174). Whether it is in your sub conscious or couscous state of mind, Boyd uses the example of what David Chalmers, said in The Conscious Mind, I dont have a clue about consciousness. It seems utterly mysterious to me. But it must be physical, as materialism must be true.(Boyd, pg.15). In Forgiveness: A Sampling of Research Results, Mullet et al, discovered that, Most (58%) of participants agreed that forgiveness could be an intergroup process, 28% were neutral, and only 14% thought that it was not possible for a group of people to ask another group for forgiveness. (APA, pg. 35). What does this mean to us you may ask? Well, Every individual has a reaction to the illness that they are encompassed by and the energy released from that illness, gives ones mind the power and ability of forgiveness, Every illness is a power responsewhen your body mind or spirit is going through any kind of reshaping it automatically presumes that a rebalancing of power is taking place (Myss (mp3) 2004) to leave the physical world and enter into a world where the transcendent mind is present, We can only know what we can truly imagine. Finally what we see comes from ourselves. (Piercy, pg. 332).

Neurophysiology Study Guide

Neurophysiology Study Guide 1. Define â€Å"equilibrium potential†. Why is the resting potential closer to the potassium equilibrium potential (EK+) than the sodium potential (ENa+)? The equilibrium potential is the point at which the force exerted on an ion by electrostatic and concentration gradient forces are balanced, and there is no net movement of that ion. The resting potential is closer to EK+ than ENa+ because the cell membrane is more permeable to potassium than sodium. 2. How would ENa+ change following an increase in the external concentration of sodium?Would the resting potential be affected significantly? If the external concentration of sodium was increased, the concentration gradient driving the movement of sodium would be increased more sodium would diffuse into the cell and would reduce some of the negative charge on the inner surface of the lipid bilayer. This would serve to decrease (make less negative) the resting potential, but would not affect it signifi cantly since the membrane is much more permeable to K. 3. Does any net Ionic current flow at the resting potential?What are the relationships among â€Å"passive† and â€Å"pump†ionic currents at the resting potential? There is no net ionic current flow at the resting potential. However, since neither Na+ nor K+ is at equilibrium, there is a net flow of each across the membrane. The Na-K pump generates the concentration difference that sustains the resting potential: but it is the passive ionic flow that creates the resting potential. Pump currents balance passive currents (diffusion) at the resting potential. 3. Define â€Å"electrogenic† and â€Å"neutral† pumps.What role does the Na-K pump play in the resting potential? An electrogenic pump creates a potential difference across the membrane – positive and negative charges are not transported across the membrane in equal amounts. Neutral pumps are balanced according to charge – there is no potential difference created. The Na-K pump generates the concentration difference that sustains the resting potential. 5. Describe the sequence of ionic events and their effect upon the resting potential following lockade of the Na-K pump, or following an increase in extracellular potassium or sodium. When the Na-K pump is blocked by an agent such as oubain or digitalis, Na+ and K+ will continue to diffuse passively across the cell membrane down their respective gradients. After a while, intracellular [Na] will increase and intracellular [K] will decrease. The reduced [K] gradient will reduce K efflux through nongated channels; therefore, the resting potential will depolarize. The reduced [Na] gradient will have little effect on the resting potential.If extracellular [K+ ] is increased, the driving force for potassium diffusion out of the cell will decrease, and the resting potential will become less negative (depolarized). If extracellular [Na+ ] is increased, the driving force f or sodium movement into the cell will increase with a resultant slight depolarization, but there will be no significant change in resting potential. Na+ -K+ ATPase pump activity Y [[Na+]in Y [Na+]O/ [Na+]i Y ENa+ Y (EM – ENa+) Y INa+ Y Conduction velocity and Depolarized threshold 6.Explain the interrelationships between ionic and capacitive currents during postsynaptic potentials or during an action potential. Ionic current is the flow of ions through channels into or out of the cell. Capacitive current is the movement of charges, usually positive, up to or away from the cell membrane. During an excitatory postsynaptic potential or an action potential, there is an initial ionic current flow into the cell, followed by a capacitive current out of the cell, which serves to depolarize the membrane potential at a distance. The current loop forms a â€Å"local circuit. † 7.Define â€Å"time constant†. How is it calculated and why is it important for integration of electrical activity at the axon's initial segment? The time constant is the amount of time it takes for EM (membrane potential) to decay to 1/e of its initial strength (37%). It is equal to resistance times capacitance. It is important for integration at the initial segment because it determines whether temporal summation can take place – a long time constant means slow decay which allows summation to occur; a short time constant means fast decay, and therefore no summation. 8. Define â€Å"length constant'.How does it depend upon axon diameter, axial resistance and membrane resistance; what does it suggest about the relative effectiveness of synapses on the soma versus synapses on the dendrites? The length (or space) constant is the distance that a signal can travel before falling to 1/e (37%) of its initial magnitude. It is proportional to the square root of the diameter of the fiber and to membrane resistance, and inversely proportional to axial resistance. The higher the membrane resistance, the farther the signal will go. The larger the length constant, the slower the signal decay.This suggests that synapses on the soma are more likely to undergo spatial summation than dendritic synapses. 9. Define â€Å"graded potentials†. How do these differ from action potentials? A graded potential is one in which the amplitude is directly proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus. It has no refractory period and is a local potential – i. e. it is not actively conducted and spreads only passively. Graded potentials can be either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing and can add. Action potentials cannot add, have refractory periods are all or none, and are propagated actively. 0. Explain the shape of a â€Å"strength duration† curve. Define â€Å"rheobase† and â€Å"chronaxie† The shape of the strength-duration curve shows that initiation of an action potential is dependent on both the amplitude and the duration of a stimulus. Rheobase is the minimum effective stimulus strength. Chronaxie is the duration of the stimulus that is required to just reach threshold when the stimulus amplitude is twice rheobase. 11. Explain in detail how an action potential is generated. What types of channels tend to open as the membrane potential depolarizes?Draw a graph illustrating how sodium and potassium conductances change (with time) during an action potential. When the membrane is depolarized, voltage sensitive Na+ channels open allowing Na+ to enter the cell down its electrochemical gradient This entry of Na+ further depolarizes the cell, resulting in the opening of more Na+ channels: thus allowing more Na+ to enter, and so on. When the influx of Na+ exceeds the efflux of K+ , threshold is exceeded and the response becomes regenerative, leading to the depolarizing or rising phase of the action potential.After a period of time the Na+ channels inactivate and close: blocking further entry of Na+ through these channels. Also after a delay, voltage-sensitive K+ channels open, allowing K+ to leave the cell, traveling down its electrochemical gradient. The inactivation of the Na+ channels coupled with the opening of the K+ channels result in the repolarization of the membrane potential 12. How do the time courses of sodium and potassium conductances differ during a maintained depolarization? A maintained depolarization causes Na+ inactivation (reduces PNa+) and hence increases (depolarizes) the threshold potential.In addition, compared with the Na+ activation process, the K+ activation process (increased PK+ ) is delayed and persists as long as the depolarization is maintained. 13. Define â€Å"sodium inactivation†. How does it explain the â€Å"absolute† and â€Å"relative† refractory periods, or â€Å"accommodation†? How do potassium ions play a role in these processes? What limits a neuron's maximum rate of firing? There are two ‘gates' on the voltage gated sodium channels. As the membrane is depolarized, sodium channels open. When the membrane is fully depolarized, sodium channels become inactivated.Sodium inactivation is high at the peak of the action potential and is maximal about the time that the repolarization phase intersects the zero potential. It is this process and the fact that most potassium channels are open that account for the absolute refractory period. The relative refractory period is the gradual recovery of Na+ channels from the inactivation process. Accommodation is also related to sodium inactivation because a slow depolarization will cause the Na+ channels to go directly from the closed state to the inactivated state. A neuron’s maximum rate of firing is limited by the absolute refractory period. 4. What role does the Na+ -K+ pump play in the action potential? How is the action potential affected by alterations in the concentration of extracellular Na+ or K+ Action potentials arise from the passive movement of ion s down their electrochemical gradients. The Na+-K+ pump creates the electrochemical gradients that sustain the resting potential and generate the action potential. Alterations in the concentration of extracellular K+ will cause fluctuations in the resting potential that will decrease or increase the likelihood of an action potential being generated.Alterations of extracellular Na will increase or decrease the conduction velocity of action potentials as well as the likelihood of an action potential being generated. 15. Explain the mechanism for propagation of an action potential in an unmyelinated nerve or in a myelinated nerve. Why is the latter much faster? What factors affect conduction velocity? Once an action potential has been initiated, the inward Na+ current depolarizes the membrane toward ENa+ . This results in a potential difference between this active region and the adjacent inactive region, which is still near EK+ .Hence, current will flow between the active and adjacent inactive region, depolarizing the inactive region. The resulting increase in intracellular Na+ leads to an outward capacitive current and depolarization of this region of membrane. When the depolarization reaches threshold, an action potential will be initiated in this region of the membrane. In an unmyelinated nerve, this is a continual process moving down the membrane. In a myelinated nerve, this process occurs only at the node of Ranvier. Myelinated nerves have faster conduction velocities because the action potential â€Å"jumps' from node to node, which may be up to 2 mm apart.Conduction velocity is affected by membrane capacitance and by membrane and axoplasm resistances. Myelin increases membrane resistance, thereby constraining incoming positive charge to move down the axon. Myelin reduces membrane capacitance; this reduces the amount of negative charge that must be neutralized to reach threshold. Axoplasm resistance is inversely proportional to axon diameter. Thus, conduct ion velocity increases with fiber diameter,. 16. Describe the process of â€Å"saltatory† conduction. Why is it advantageous? Explain how and why conduction velocity and the length (space) constant are affected by demyelinating iseases. Saltatory conduction is the discontinuous propagation (jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next) of an action potential along a myelinated nerve. Saltatory conduction arises in part from the properties of the myelin sheath, which increases the membrane resistance and decreases the capacitance in the internodal region; the result is an increase in current flow down the core of the axon. In addition the voltage-sensitive Na+ channels responsible for the generation of the action potential are localized only at the nodes.This type of conduction makes possible rapid precise control of muscle contraction. In demyelinating diseases conduction velocity and the length constant are reduced in the unmyelinated areas. The length constant is proportion al to membrane resistance and when the myelin is destroyed, the resistance at that point decreases and therefore the length constant decreases. Because of increase capacitance and negative charge on the inner surface of the membranes, propagation of the signal takes place continuously instead of jumping from node to node; therefore, conduction velocity is decreased. 7. What are the three functions of a sensory receptor? 1) Transduction of the environmental signal Energy Y Change in membrane potential 2) Amplification of the environmental signal 3) Transmission of the environmental signal to the CNS 18. How does a â€Å"receptor potential† or â€Å"generator potential† differ from an action potential? A receptor or generator potential is a graded potential that is proportional to the stimulus. It is not a function of the membrane potential and thus is not regenerative like an action potential.It has no refractory period and, therefore, is additive. It is â€Å"localâ⠂¬  and propagated. Finally, the ion channels producing the receptor/generator potentials are different from those underlying the action potential; they are not voltage gated. 19. Explain how an action potential is initiated in a sensory nerve. What conditions are necessary for repetitive firing? How does the firing frequency depend upon the amplitude of the generator potential? Upon the intensity of the stimulus? A sensory nerve action potential begins with the receipt of an appropriate environmental signal.The stimulus causes a localized increase in the permeability of the nerve terminal to Na+ . The resulting net inward positive ionic current depolarizes the nerve terminal. This current spreads passively along the axon terminal producing a depolarizing outward capacitive current The outward capacitive current, in turn. may induce an action potential in a region of the nerve with a low threshold for generating an action potential- usually at the first node of Ranvier in myelinate d nerves. A maintained stimulus is necessary for repetitive firing.The firing frequency is proportional to the amplitude of the generator potential and the intensity of the stimulus. 19. Define â€Å"sensory adaptation†. Name two classes of receptors. What type of information about the stimulus is derived from each? Give examples. Sensory adaptation is the decline in response that occurs over time when a receptor is subjected to a constant stimulus. There are two types of receptor classifications: slowly adapting (tonic) receptors and rapidly adapting (phasic) receptors. Slowly adapting receptors provide information about the rate of change of a stimulus as well as the magnitude and duration.This type of receptor is seen in touch, pressure, hair cells for hearing and vestibular function, muscle spindle receptors, Golgi tendon organs and in baroreceptors. Rapidly adapting receptors are unable to maintain a sustained depolarization, despite sustained stimulation. They function as rate-detectors providing information about the rate of change of the environmental signal. Rapidly adapting receptors are found in the Pacinian corpuscles and skin hair receptors. 19. Describe in detail the steps involved in the release and degradation of ACh at the neuromuscular junction. What factors regulate how much ACh is released?Chemical synaptic transmission is initiated by a depolarization of the presynaptic element and the subsequent influx of Ca++ ions into the nerve terminal through voltage-dependent Ca++ channels. Ca++ facilitates contact of synaptic vesicles with the terminal membrane, which triggers the synchronous release of several thousands of transmitter molecules into the synaptic cleft. The ACh binds to its receptor on the postsynaptic membrane. After dissociating from the receptor, ACh is degraded by acetylcholinesterase (produced by ) 19. Define â€Å"quantal† release and â€Å"miniature† end-plate potential.How are the two related? Quantal r elease refers to the release of neurotransmitters in discrete packets or vesicles. A single vesicle contains about 5-10,000 ACh molecules, and is capable of depolarizing the membrane about 1mV. The small depolarization caused by the spontaneous release of a few vesicles is called a miniature end plate potential. Spontaneous release of vesicles occurs at a rate of about 1/sec. MEPP's may be important in maintaining the integrity of the muscle fiber. 19. Discuss the â€Å"end-plate† potential (EPP), including its characteristics and underlining mechanisms.Why are its amplitude and duration limited? How does it differ from an action potential? The end-plate potential is the postsynaptic potential produced at motor end plate. The EPP occurs as the result of ACh binding to its receptors on end-plate membrane and opening the chemically gated channels located there. The EPP is a graded potential – the magnitude of the EPP is proportional to the number of channels opened by AC h – and spreads only passively. The EPP acts as a stimulus for the production of an action potential on the muscle membrane contiguous to the end-plate membrane.The amplitude and duration of the EPP may be limited by the amount of neurotransmitter released, or by the number of receptors present, or by the normal activity of AChEase. The EPP differs from an action potential in the same ways that other graded potentials do. 19. How are action potentials initiated at the muscle end plate? What is the ratio of' the number of muscle action potentials to motor neuron action potentials (output: input)? Action potentials are initiated in the region of the muscle end plate when the membrane is depolarized by the electrotonically spreading EPP.The ratio of the number of muscle action potentials to motor neuron action potentials (output: input) is 1:1. 19. What are chemically gated ion channels? Give an example. How do such channels differ from voltage-gated channels? Chemically-gated i on channels are those channels which open only in response to the binding of a chemical neurotransmitter, hormone or other chemicals and not in response to membrane depolarization as voltage-gated channels do. The channel associated with the ACh receptor is a chemically-gated ion channel: 26.Compare and contrast the characteristics of chemical and electrical synaptic transmission. Electrical synaptic transmission is mediated by gap junctions. The gap junctions provide a pathway for cytoplasmic continuity. As a result, a depolarization (or hyperpolarization) produced in the presynaptic terminal produces a change in potential in the postsynaptic terminal. There is minimal synaptic delay and the transmission can spread bidirectionally. Electrical junctions are found in the nervous system, as well as smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.Chemical synaptic transmission occurs between two cell membranes separated by a synaptic cleft. The presynaptic terminal contains a high concentration of mi tochondria and synaptic vesicles and there is a characteristic thickening of the postsynaptic membrane. Since the neurotransmitter must diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to its receptor, there is delay of about 0. 5 – 1 msec between the initiation of an action potential in the presynaptic terminal and a potential change in the postsynaptic terminal. Chemical transmission is generally unidirectional.

Balancing Personal Life and Work

In today’s economic condition, work life equilibrium is considered one of the most imperative workplace issues. Work life balance refers to a satisfactory niche between many different roles in an individual’s life. But how to manage this balance to avoid conflict; this topic is discussed through many different aspects enlightened through personal experience. Work Life Balance Before taking any step towards knowing how to achieve work life balance, first we must gain an understanding about what work life balance actually refers to.It is about maintaining equilibrium between work and personal life, facing the multifarious demands in one’s life. The best equilibrium is different for each person because we all have different priorities in life. A young entrepreneur faces different challenges than a family man at the apex of his career. Work life balance involves two factors; Achievement and Enjoyment. Our life will be valuable and balanced when, in all the aspects of life, we are daily achieving success with all the joys of living! My Side of StoryBeing a young student struggling to manage good grades, working part time to support my education during this era of recession as well trying to give my family sufficient of my time as required, at many times I felt the misbalance in my life that is called work-life conflict. I felt unable to manage my time and was highly dissatisfied with my work and progress. Failing health and self esteem and disrupted routine was then a common state of affairs. I was new, hence obsessed with working hard to carve a niche for my career.In order to secure my grades I became overcommitted to my studies as well. I ended up drained every day, spending most of the time on the run†¦ from study to work, work to home and spending rest of the time sitting on computer. All I had once read and heard about work life complications was coming true in my life without my realizing it. It was not until when my parents had to h ave a ‘serious talk’ with me, that I realized where this chaos was leading me to. That instantly snapped me back; I set off to work on improving my standards. The informationIn order to balance one’s work life situation, you may need to look into four quadrants of your life- Friends, Family, Work and Self. Any disturbance in one of them because of the interference of another quadrant may cause work life conflict. Work life conflict must be removed in order to solve the problem and acquire balance. This information regarding the causes can be obtained by observation of daily life experiences and authentic researches conducted. According to the Business Week reports, Individuals who consider their work life balance better than others are likely to work 21% better than those who don’t.Moreover, a study shows people encounter work life conflict have 40% more chances of mood and anxiety disorders, (Kane, 2006); While employees having lower level of this conflic t experience increased job satisfaction. The Evaluation After gathering basic information, now I knew what I was missing and what I got to do. I loved my job, but without my natural energy boosters, I was unhappy and even feeling a bit guilty. My whole time revolved around my work and career, but I couldn’t make up for the very essential part of my life, that is my friends and family.From my newly gained knowledge, I deduced that a balanced approach at my level will be spending quality time with my friends and family that will have a positive physical and psychological impact on me. Moreover, I’ll be free of piled up responsibilities, procrastinated duties, and burden on my mental self, which will eventually also improve my progress in other quadrants of my life. I had to use it to devise such solutions that cancel out where I overdo, and give more space to those I neglected so a balance can be created. The SolutionAs I was already a student I opted for the greatest fa cility available today for work life balance concerned employees- Flexible timings, so that I can have more sense of control over my work. Dinner and meals would at no cost be skipped- they provide a quality time for whole family to be together. Also, sleeping schedules must be maintained, so there remain no health problems. Being present is the key word. No drifting away and being in two places at a time. On weekend there would be no computer, no emails, and no emergency calls from work!I could spend quality time with my family. I could contact my friends, go out and have some fun. Lastly, to spend some of my time on myself; a time to relax or do what pleases me. It’s a kind of meditation, hence keeps your mind calm and alert. Giving my study ample time and not burdening myself with more work than I could manage, was also essential. Conclusion The set of habits I formed as a solution for my work life problem, not only supports but emphasizes a sound balance between work and life activities.Back then I couldn’t see past my work; it still plays a principle part in my life, though it’s not my one and only concern anymore. This equilibrium I discovered open my eyes to worth of other things, that made not only my work, but my life much more gratifying. References Kane, S. (2006). Work Life Balance Strategies. Retrieved July 20, 2009 from http://legalcareers. about. com/od/careertrends/a/worklifebalance. htm Work-Life Balance. (2003). Work-Life Balance Defined- What it really means! Retrieved July 20, 2009 from http://www. worklifebalance. com/worklifebalancedefined. html

William Shakespeares Powerful Use of Language Essay

We have all certainly heard the expression â€Å"the pen is mightier than the sword† and as Hamlet states when he realizes the power of words: â€Å"I will speak daggers to her, but use none† (Hamlet 3.2: 366). William Shakespeare is one of the most important writers in history and arguably the most notable, particularly with his use of language. I believe that Shakespeare consistently uses the knowledge that language is power to his advantage throughout his plays. From themes of power, control, disguise, deception, and manipulation, there remains the underlying theme that ties all of these together: the power of language. The beauty of Shakespeare’s work and what makes it resonate even today is his use of discretion and†¦show more content†¦The power of language holds great significance not only in Shakespearean study but of our daily lives as well. Every nuance Shakespeare creates leaves a clue to a greater truth or understanding of our humanity. Explo ring the works of Shakespeare with this in mind allows for audiences to gain more appreciation and awareness of the depth of language and communication through his dialogue and characters as Shakespeare: â€Å"asks us to adorn the actor with our thoughts and ‘carry them here and there, jumping o’er the times’† (Bevington xiii). King Henry in Henry V is a great example of how language can mask and band together his constituents as well as tug at the admiration of the audience. In his band of brothers speech Henry exclaims â€Å"We few, we happy few, we band of brothers/For he today that sheds his blood with me shall be my brother/Be he ne’er so vile† (Henry V 4.3: 60-62). Effectively, Henry conveys the notion that on the battlefield each man stands alongside their King without division, while simultaneously saying they can only elevate themselves to his level through death and sacrifice to his cause. It proves an effective speech rallying his soldiers and the audience gains a sense of admiration for the Tudor king. The convection of his words swirls with deception as Henry is knowingly and willingly creating a sense of honor in death for a cause that serves none other than his own purposes. Yet it remainsShow MoreRelatedSpenser and Shakespeare: Contrasting Approaches to Sonnets1100 Words   |  5 PagesEdmund Spenser and William Shakespeare. Thus, by observing Spenser’s Sonnet LXXV and Shakespeare’s Sonnet 55, it can be deduced that both poets have adopted the structure of sonnets to arouse emotions and imagination, but have taken different perspectives in doing so. Therefore, by means of comparing and contrasting, both of their poems may seem alike in their structure and general content, yet they are more diverse in relation to deeper aspects such as theme, form and language. 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